Daniel Davis
Two Souls New York Straight Rye Review
Two Souls Spirits is an independent bottler headed by James Estrada and Chad Civetti. Known as “The Whiskey Doctor,” Estrada has written for Bourbon Sippers and co-hosts the Whiskey Uncut Podcast. They curate craft spirits from across the United States that are “big, bold, 100% uncut and unfiltered, and exceptionally rare.”
Nose
Green apple | White pepper | Ginger candy | Amplifying spice
Palate
Ginger ale | Green apple | Hint of botanical gin | Rye spice | Slightly tannic | Rich & unique
Finish
Rye spice | White grapes | Ginger | Touch of leather | Long with lingering spice
Value
This bottle in review comes from barrel 1927, bottle 175, out of 196. It has a fill date of 12/15/2015, and a bottle date of 11/17/2022, and an MSRP of $75.
Overall
Two Souls Spirits’ New York Straight Rye whiskey will challenge any whiskey drinker. Its unique flavor profile includes ginger, green apple, botanically driven gin, and white grapes, finished off with a rye spice that lingers. It is an excellent value for a bottle of unique whiskey!
Classification: Straight Rye
Company: Two Souls Spirits
Distillery: Finger Lakes Distilling
Release Date: November 2022
Proof: 105.3
Age: 6 Years (6 years, 11 months, 2 days per company website)
Mashbill: 80% Rye, 20% Malted Barley
Color: Medium Amber
MSRP: $100 (2023)
Detection of DAMPs Using Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a sensitive and specific laboratory technique used for the detection and quantification of nucleic acids. It allows for the amplification and simultaneous detection of specific DNA sequences, making it a useful tool for the detection of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).
DAMPs are endogenous molecules that are released by damaged or dying cells, and play a critical role in initiating and propagating an immune response. They can be released in response to various forms of cell stress, including infection, tissue damage, and cell death. The detection of DAMPs can provide valuable insights into the onset and progression of various diseases and can also serve as biomarkers for specific conditions.
Real-time PCR can be used to detect DAMPs due to its ability to detect and amplify low levels of nucleic acids. This type of PCR uses fluorescent probes to detect PCR products in real-time as they are being amplified. The fluorescence signal increases in proportion to the amount of PCR product present, allowing for the quantification of the initial amount of nucleic acid in the sample.
To detect DAMPs using real-time PCR, specific primers and probes that target the nucleic acid sequence of the DAMP of interest are used. These primers and probes are designed to be specific to the DAMP sequence and complementary to each other, ensuring that only the desired target is amplified.
In addition to specific primers and probes, the real-time PCR reaction also requires a sample containing the potential DAMP of interest, along with a reverse transcriptase enzyme and nucleotides for amplification. The reverse transcriptase enzyme converts RNA into cDNA, which can then be amplified by the PCR reaction.
To begin the detection process, the sample is first collected and prepared for PCR. The sample can be obtained from various sources, such as blood, tissue, or culture media. It is then processed to extract the nucleic acids, which can be either DNA or RNA depending on the type of DAMP being detected.
The extracted nucleic acids are then added to a PCR master mix containing the primers, probes, and other essential components for the reaction. The real-time PCR machine then heats and cools the sample multiple times, causing the target sequence to be amplified. As the PCR products are amplified, the fluorescent probes emit a detectable signal, which can be measured in real-time by the PCR machine.
The data collected from the real-time PCR reaction can be analyzed using specialized software to determine the initial amount of DAMP present in the sample. This information can be used to compare samples from different groups, such as healthy and diseased individuals, to assess the levels of DAMPs in each group.
In summary, real-time PCR is a valuable technique for the detection of DAMPs due to its high sensitivity and ability to quantify low levels of nucleic acids. By using specific primers and probes, it allows for the specific amplification and detection of DAMPs, providing valuable insights into disease progression and potential biomarkers for various conditions.
# script to run GIMP from the command line
require ‘shellwords’
def gimp(cmds, current_window=nil)
# convenient wrapper around the gimp command line options
puts ‘running gimp’
cmd = ‘gimp -i -b’ # non-interactive mode (-i)
cmd << '"' + cmds + '"' # batch commands
cmd << ' -b "(gimp-quit 0)"' if current_window
cmd << " #{current_window}" # batch input file or -s for script-fu mode
end
cmd << '>/dev/null 2>&1′ if $DEVNULL
puts cmd
system cmd
end
if ARGV.size > 0
img = ARGV[0]
raise “File not open or found: #{img}” unless File.exists?(img)
else
raise ‘Missing required argument: image path, eg. your.rb “path/to/image.png”‘
end
# this script shows how to process images one after another
# open a file, scale it (resize), merge the layer
img = Shellwords::escape(img)
script = <<-EOF
(let*
((image (car (file-png-load #{img} #{img} )))
(drwbg (car (gimp-image-get-active-layer image)))
)
(gimp-image-resize image 330 220 1 1)
(when (car (gimp-image-merge-visible-layers image 2))
(gimp-file-save RUN-NONINTERACTIVE image drwbg “~/result.png” “~/result.png”) gimp-quit 0) ) EOF
gimp script